Saez A, Herrero-Fernandez B, Gomez-Bris R, Sánchez-Martinez H, Gonzalez-Granado JM, et al.
International journal of molecular sciences. Date of publication 2023 Jan 12;volume 24(2):.
1. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 12;24(2):1526. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021526.
Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Innate Immune System.
Saez A(1)(2), Herrero-Fernandez B(1)(3), Gomez-Bris R(1)(3), Sánchez-Martinez
H(1), Gonzalez-Granado JM(1)(4)(5)(6).
Author information:
(1)LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre
(imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
(2)Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV),
28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
(3)Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de
Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
(4)Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine,
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
(5)CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
(6)Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid,
Spain.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative
colitis (UC), is a heterogeneous state of chronic intestinal inflammation with
no exact known cause. Intestinal innate immunity is enacted by neutrophils,
monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), and innate lymphoid cells and
NK cells, characterized by their capacity to produce a rapid and nonspecific
reaction as a first-line response. Innate immune cells (IIC) defend against
pathogens and excessive entry of intestinal microorganisms, while preserving
immune tolerance to resident intestinal microbiota. Changes to this equilibrium
are linked to intestinal inflammation in the gut and IBD. IICs mediate host
defense responses, inflammation, and tissue healing by producing cytokines and
chemokines, activating the complement cascade and phagocytosis, or presenting
antigens to activate the adaptive immune response. IICs exert important
functions that promote or ameliorate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that
underlie and sustain IBD. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms
underlying these clinical manifestations will be important for developing
therapies targeting the innate immune system in IBD patients. This review
examines the complex roles of and interactions among IICs, and their
interactions with other immune and non-immune cells in homeostasis and
pathological conditions.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021526
PMCID: PMC9863490
PMID: 36675038 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
